WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER

 

Future Backbone of Smart City Model

Introduction

It is possible to transfer electricity without the use of cables using Wireless Power Transfer (WPT). It is possible to power compatible batteries and devices using conventional AC power without the use of any physical connectors thanks to WPT, which utilises technologies based on electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields. In this method, charged particles form an electromagnetic field, which is then used to convey energy over an air gap, where it is then converted by the receiver into a useful household current. When two things with a similar resonant frequency exchange energy, the off-resonant items lose just a little amount of energy in the process.

Wireless power transfer (WPT), or the transfer of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without the use of connecting wires, is particularly useful in the wireless functioning or recharging of various products, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops, transportation devices such as drones and electric vehicles (EVs), wearable electronics, transmitter applications, and solar cells, due to the rapid technological advancements in this field. Consumer electronics, transportation, heating and cooling, industrial engineering, and model engineering are just a few of the fields where this technology is starting to gain traction.

Fruition of WPT

On December 31, 1891 Nikola Tesla, a Serbian-American inventor best known for his work on AC power supply systems, conceived and began working on the idea of wireless power transmission. During the World Columbian Exposition in the early 1890s, Tesla showed off his wireless bulb technology to the public. In the early 1960s, William C Brown published a paper that explored the prospects of microwave power transmission. Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) were able to efficiently light a 60-watt bulb from two metres away in 2007 with an efficiency of 40 percent or less. It was in 2009 that Sony developed a television driven by electrodynamics induction that was wireless. Many new wireless mobile chargers have been developed over the past few years as a result of numerous trials and breakthroughs.

Kyoto University in Japan organised a demonstration test of a motor-assisted bicycle. By just parking it in front of a charger station, the bike may be charged wirelessly. A battery pack and a receiver were used to power its front wheel, which drew power from microwaves. The testing that began in March 2017 assures that the charging is only done at night so that humans do not come into contact with microwaves equal to 100 watts. It's programmed to halt as soon as someone gets within a certain distance of it.

Advantage of WPT

With time, wireless power transmission and distribution may become more efficient than conventional connections. In power systems, transmission losses are a major issue that must be addressed. The predicted loss of power during transmission is 26%. Due to the high resistance of the wires used in the grid, this loss can be explained. Power transmission losses in India's grid are the greatest in the world, according to WRI (World Resource Institute). Transmission of power by electromagnetic induction can be extremely beneficial in this situation.

Disadvantage of WPT

To avoid significant power loss, non-directionality, and inefficiency over greater distances, further R&D is needed to build a wireless power system that is safe, secure, high-efficiency, and cost-effective.

The lack of common standards concerning compatibility concerns and trade-offs between safety, efficiency, and short-range wireless power transmission may have an impact on the growth of the global market for wireless power transmission.

Prospects for the global market for wireless power transfer

Wireless power transmission is predicted to increase at a CAGR of 21.89 percent during the forecast period of 2020 to 2025, according to the "Global Wireless Power Transmission Market 2020-2026 research report." Figure 1 shows the growth of WPT in various sectors of industries.

 

People, places and things to keep an eye on

North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and the Middle East & Africa are the most important regions for wireless power transfer.

Wireless power transmission market size is predicted to grow significantly in the Asia Pacific region because to the rapid growth of consumer electronics industries in South Korea, India, Japan, and China. Wireless power transmission firms around the world differ greatly in terms of resources, R&D, strategy, expansion goals, and more. Samsung Electronics, headquartered in South Korea, has a strong series of smartphones, such as the Samsung Galaxy, that can be charged wirelessly. Wireless charging is available on several popular smartphone series, including the Google Nexus and Motorola Droid.

In the Future Prospects

Existing wired electrical communication may be replaced by wireless power in the future. Soon, there will be no need to carry a power bank or a charging device. Certain elements driving the market's expansion suggest that it will expand in the near future. Vendors in the worldwide wireless power transmission market are projected to benefit from the growing need for efficient charging systems and from the rising popularity of wireless connectivity and the convenience it provides. Future wireless power transmission markets could see the rise of magnetic resonance and inductive technologies, which could be in the introductory and expansion stages, respectively.

The inductive wireless power transmission market's major receiver application is emerging as smartphones. Inductive coupling is the most often used technology for carrying electric energy across short distances, such as when charging a cell phone.

Dr. Manish Bhardwaj

Computer science and engineering

KIET Group of Institutions,

Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad